Commercial & General Business Issues

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Recent Articles

  •  
    13/02/2025
    South Africa

    De­re­gis­tra­tion and Reinstatement of Companies in South Africa

    On 17 January 2025, the Companies and Intellectual Property Commission (“Commission”) released a media statement confirming that the Commission has commenced with a large number of de-registrations due non-compliance with annual returns and beneficial ownership fillings among others. The Commission is intensifying its focus on enforcing compliance with the Companies Act, 2008 (“Act”) and related legislation, particularly the vital requirement for companies to declare their beneficial ownership.As of 27 January 2025, the Commission issued a notice confirming that entities...
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  •  
    12/02/2025
    Romania

    All eyes on EUR 170 million plus tender for Romanian government private cloud

    The Romanian Ministry of Economy, Digitalisation, Entrepreneurship, and Tourism (MEDAT) recently announced a more than EUR 170 million procurement procedure for services related to the migration of IT applications to the Romanian Government Private Cloud (CPG) within the framework of the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (PNRR). The contracting authority for this procurement is the Authority for Digitalisation of Romania, an entity operating under the aegis of MEDAT.The Government Cloud represents the foundational infrastructure for the digitalisation of public administration and is a critical...
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  •  
    10/02/2025
    CEE, UK

    EU Commission issues Guidelines on Prohibited AI Practices – Part II.

    The European Commission has issued long awaited comprehensive guidelines on prohibited artificial intelligence (AI) practices, as established by Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 (AI Act). These practical guidelines, which include examples and “use cases”, are crucial for businesses and organisations involved in the development, deployment, and use of AI systems within the EU. They have been issued to ensure compliance with the AI Act, which seeks to balance innovation with the protection of fundamental rights and Union values.This is the second of two articles on these guidelines. In our first...
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  •  
    10/02/2025
    Netherlands

    Netherlands DSA Im­ple­ment­a­tion Act enters into force

    On 4 February 2025, the Dutch Digital Services Act Implementation Act, the legislation transposing the EU Digital Services Act (DSA) into law in the Netherlands, entered into force, fulfilling an important requirement of the DSA: to designate national supervisory authorities by the deadline of 17 February 2024.The following article is an overview of the main provisions of the Dutch implementation act.DSA and supervisory authoritiesThe EU DSA, which went into force in December 2022, harmonises the rules applicable to intermediary service providers, such as online platforms, online marketplaces,...
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  •  
    07/02/2025
    Bulgaria

    EU DORA Regulation Amendments submitted to Bulgarian Parliament

    The EU’s Digital Operational Resilience Act (DORA) began applying across Member States on 17 January 2025. The EU Regulation aims to strengthen the resilience of financial entities such as banks, payment service providers, insurance companies and investment firms across the EU in the event of severe operational disruptions. On 31 December 2024, the Bulgarian government submitted a bill introducing the necessary amendments to synchronise local legislation with the new EU legal regime.The amendments will be implemented through the transitional and final provisions of the proposed Markets in...
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  •  
    07/02/2025
    CEE, UK

    EU Commission issues guidelines on the definition of AI systems

    The European Commission has issued long awaited comprehensive guidelines on the definition of AI systems, as established by Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 (AI Act). With these practical guidelines the Commission aims to assist providers, deployers, importers, distributors of AI systems in determining whether a system constitutes an AI system within the meaning of the AI Act, thereby facilitating the effective application and enforcement of that Act. The definition of AI systems entered into force on 2 February 2025.Key elements of the AI system definitionDue to the diverse nature of AI systems, the...
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