Polonia

Artículos Recientes

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  18/04/2024

  International

  Transforming the Legal Landscape? The Impact of LLMs

  Large Language Models (LLMs) are a branch of artificial intelligence (AI) that can generate human-like text based on deep learning techniques. LLMs are trained on massive amounts of textual data, such as books, articles, and websites, and learn to recognise patterns, structures, and relationships within the data. By doing so, they develop the ability to produce text on various topics. The presence of LLMs in the legal sector is increasing and, with this, the ability of lawyers to understand and use LLMs in providing quality advice to their clients is becoming more important. CMS have a dedicated...

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  17/04/2024

  Europe

  CMS data protection update (04/2024)

  I. The latest from the data protection authorities and current topics1. EDPB: Launch of coordinated enforcement on the right of accessThe European Data Protection Board (EDPB) selected the right of access under Article 15 GDPR as the focus of the third coordinated enforcement action of the data protection authorities. Coordinated enforcement has now begun and aims to help assess how the right of access is implemented in practice and to what extent adjustments or clarifications are needed in the EDPB's Guidelines on this topic. Last year’s results of the coordinated enforcement action on the...

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  17/04/2024

  EU

  EU Commission enforces obligation to provide correct and complete information in merger control proceedings

  EU merger control law provides for an obligation of the parties to provide correct and complete information in merger control proceedings. This obligation has a very high relevance for the European Commission, as latest enforcement activities demonstrate. On 19 March 2024, the European Commission sent a Statement of Objections to an insulation panels maker alleging that the company provided incorrect, incomplete and misleading information during merger control proceedings for the company's planned acquisition of a mineral fibre sandwich panel producer.These investigations of the European Commission...

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  16/04/2024

  Polonia

  Poland’s strict avoidance action regulations differ from EU Draft Directive

  The European Commission has published a new proposal for a Directive that would harmonise certain aspects of insolvency law across the EU. This proposal, following the enactment of Directive (EU) 2019/1023, illustrates a strong desire to facilitate the free movement of capital within Europe. A significant part of the proposed Directive is designed to make laws governing avoidance actions uniform across the EU.A review of the draft proposal indicates that Poland already has strict provisions relating to avoidance actions aimed at protecting creditors against fraudulent actions preceding the insolvency...

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  15/04/2024

  Polonia

  Poland issues new guidelines on penalties for competition law infringements for capital groups

  GB PL

  The Polish Office of Competition and Consumer Protection (UOKiK) passed guidelines in April, which makes important changes to how penalties are calculated for companies in Poland. The guidelines are especially important for companies that are part of capital operating internationally.Based on these guidelines, which will apply to all anti-trust cases initiated place after 1 January 2024, penalties could reach in practice the maximum level of up to 10% of worldwide turnover and could be considerably higher and more severe than in the past.BackgroundIn May 2023, an amendment to the Competition and...

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  12/04/2024

  Europe

  Navigating clinical trial disclosures: No reasonable expectation of success in a patient sub-population in view of prior art reporting phase III clinical trial (T 1437/21)

  Recent EPO Board of Appeal decision T 1437/21 adds to a growing number of decisions concerning the patentability of second or further medical use inventions where the prior art relates to a clinical trial. At a time when the European Medicines Agency (EMA) is requiring increased transparency for EU clinical trials, this case law is of increasing importance to those operating in the pharmaceutical space.In brief, this decision further supports the position that the disclosure of a clinical trial protocol does not always mean there is a reasonable expectation of success of achieving treatment. The...

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